Arthrosis -A disease that has many factors and relates to degenerative-dystrophic damage to the joints. One of them is a violation of the metabolic processes in the body. The development of the disease due to arthrosis is associated with circulatory diseases in the capillaries of the layers of the periosteur and, as a result, a violation of the nutrition of the cartilage tissue of the joint. At the same time, the structure of the cartilage changes itself and becomes thinner and becomes less elastic. The smoothness of the surface of the joint also decreases. A decrease in the quality of the tissue of the cartilage in turn leads to a significant reduction in the volume of the synovial fluid and a deterioration in the lubrication of the affected joint.
The folk name of the disease by arthrosis is "deportation of salts", which does not apply, since the cartridge and joint capsules are destroyed in arthrosis diseases, which means that the burden of the affected joint and as a result means the deformation of the bone. As a result, a crunch occurs in the joint, which is often accompanied by pain because osteophytes (bone tips) form along the edges of the joint surface - hence the folk name of the disease by osteoarthritis.
Arthrosis usually mainly affects older people. Unstoppable statistics show that more than 30% of people get osteoarthritis over sixty years and about half at the age of more than seventy.
Although this disease is based on the lesion of the cartilage of the joint, the process of the disease also strips in the neighboring tissues - the synovial membrane, the periartic muscles, the inner layers of the joint bag, the bone structures and leagues.
Symptoms of arthrosis
The disease arthrosis is initially symptomatic the occurrence of severe night pain during a change in the body or another movement. Pain, in peace with osteoarthritis, usually do not occur. One of the symptoms of osteoarthritis can be seen as a characteristic crunch in the joints with pain. Often, arthrosis is also characterized by excessive meteo sensitivity of the sick - the manifestation of pain depending on the weather changes.
Basically, osteoarthritis influences the hip and knee joint. A little less often - it affects the fingers of the fingers on the arms and legs as well as the ankle joint. In the early stages of the disease, the frequent symptoms of arthrosis are short -term and weak pain that does not have a clear localization and precisely intensify during physical activity. Poor mobility of the joint is determined according to a hidden state and a feeling of increasing symptoms. With the development of arthritis, the clinical image can deteriorate and over time the pain becomes stronger, the characteristic crunch of the joint gets a constant character, and the ever increasing pain leads to muscle cramps in connection with the limitation of the amplitude of the movements in the affected joint. In the later stages of osteoarthritis, damage to the joints of the lower extremities occurs lameness and the patient has to use crutches or stick.
Arthrosis stadiums
In accordance with a classification based on radiological characteristics, four development stages of arthrosis are differentiated:
- I degree - doubts arthrosis: The pain is almost not felt, manifests itself regularly and only at the beginning of the movement and quickly passes with its beginning. In the joint there is a minor movement after a resting state, which quickly fits with the start of the movement. At the beginning of bending in the joint there is a pronounced crunch, but without pain, so that patients rarely come to a specialist to get help.
- II degree - soft arthrosis: It is characterized by an increase in pain after great physical exertion - they become more acute and longer. Cartilage tissue in the joint begin to lose their depreciation qualities, osteophytes (bone tips) are noticeable in x rays and the joint gap is narrowed. The patient cannot already do some work and his ability to work is reduced. At this stage, the patient is usually already looking for a doctor.
- III degree - moderate osteoarthritis: It is characterized by its severity and neglect of osteoarthritis. As a result, an increase in the accumulation of liquid in the articular cavity and the subsequent growth of the bone tissue means the deformation of the joint itself. The patient is tortured by pain even in peace due to the muscle joint, while a decrease in motor amplitude is observed. The slightest burden on the connection leads to the suffering of the patient.
- IV Grad - Heavy osteoarthritis: It is characterized by a significant narrowing of the common gap, large osteophytes and irreversible bone deformations. The patient can no longer move and only the implantation of the artificial joint prosthesis can help to avoid disabilities by surgery.
The causes of osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a result of impaired functions of cartilage tissue due to changes in its structure. The cartilage of the joint becomes softer and loose, while the ulcers in the connection that bears the load forms.
The occurrence of the disease by arthrosis is divided into two methods:
- Primary Arthrosis (idiopathic) occurs without visible causes. They can be an inherited factors: genetic disorders in the cartilage, congenital defects of the musculoskeletal system and others: hypermior to the joints, flat feet, etc.
- Secondary Arthrosis is caused by the development of pathological processes: congenital disorders of joints, injuries, metabolic disorders, a number of endocrine diseases, specific and non -specific and specific inflammation.
Treatment of osteoarthritis
Effective treatment of osteoarthritis is only possible and must be carried out with a specialist after consultations. The main stages of the treatment of osteoarthritis include:
- Anesthesia by analgesics.
- Removal of inflammation with anti -inflammatory medication.
- The restoration of the cartilage tissue of the joint with the help of pharmaceuticals, which include in their composition of medicinal products that were selected individually for several months.
In combination with these three stadiums, physiotrosis is an essential part of the treatment of osteoarthritis - magnetotherapy for osteoarthritis, electrophoresis, acupuncture and massage. It is not unimportant at the same time and at the same time keep a correctly selected diet.
Prevention of osteoarthritis
To prevent osteoarthritis, it is necessary to minimize the static stress on the joints. The constant wearing of shoes with a high head should be avoided. It is not recommended to sit in the position "to put your leg on your leg". The provisions of sitting and standing should alternate more often. If there is excess weight, you have to get rid of it. The best nutrition to prevent osteoarthritis is food for food with dominance of carbohydrates, vegetables, fruits and limited the absorption of protein and calcium. Try to avoid lifting weight. Make a "vacation" on your joints in summer - swim as far as possible!